Irrational numbers are those numbers which cannot be expressed in Fractions form whether it is proper fraction or improper fraction. Proper fractions are generally those fractions where the value of numerator is greater than denominator. We can express as, Numerator > denominator.
For example: In fraction 4/3 we can see that numerator value is 4 and the denominator value is 3. So this is a proper fraction. Improper fractions are those fractions which have value of numerator less than the denominator. We can express them as Numerator < denominator.
In another way Rational Numbers are those numbers which are the perfect squares of any other number. And if the numbers are not in the perfect Square form then in that case numbers are called Irrational Numbers. Let’s take an example of rational and irrational number; we have two numbers 3 and 9, after taking Square root of both numbers.
√9 = 3 perfect square, √3 not perfect square on any number
So here we can see that 9 is the rational number because it is a perfect square of 3 but 3 is not perfect square of any number so it is an irrational number. If we have any fractional number and fraction has irrational denominator than in that case we have to follow some rules. To understand we take an example:
1/√2 here √2 is an irrational denominator and to remove that square root we multiply both numerator and denominator with √2.
(1 / √2) * (√2 / √2),
Now after multiplying we get √2 on the top, it means at the numerator place and 2 at denominator.
(√2 / 2).
So this is an effective technique to remove irrational denominator from any fraction.